Review: Toxicology of synthetic cannabinoids

Synthetic cannabinoids (CS), or synthetic endocannabinoid receptor agonists, were initially synthesized for basic research into exocannabinoid signaling pathways, as well as in clinical research for their analgesic properties. The use of CS for recreational purposes is a recent phenomenon, but one that has grown very quickly in recent years, since these molecules now represent the main category of new synthetic products (NPS). This literature review aims to bring together current data regarding the use and effects caused by CS in humans. The relationship between the structure and activity of these CSs, the pharmacology and adverse effects of these CSs and finally the different methods of analyzing CSs. A better understanding of this phenomenon is essential to raise awareness among stakeholders in the health field.